The IoT Marathon constellation will consist of 264 satellites, and JSC Reshetnev intends to reach serial production of approximately five to six satellites per week in the future, taking into account the constellation's renewal. But the satellite constellation is only part of the system.
Internet of Things (IoT) was developed by the Federal State Unitary Enterprise "Research Institute of Radio", and after its public discussion in the period from June 30 to August 30, 2023, the Technical Committee for Standardization "Cyber-Physical Systems" (TC 194), taking into account the proposals and amendments germany whatsapp resource received, will submit it to Rosstandart. The PNST is based on the international LoRaWAN protocol and LoRa technology, adapted for use in a multi-satellite low-orbit IoT system with a globally distributed network infrastructure.
The fundamental difference between the PNST and the planned appearance of the "IoT Marathon", which follows from the technical solutions proposed by "Reshetnev" in the draft design, is the ideology of building the appearance of the system itself. The PNST declares a technology and protocol for a system with a globally distributed network infrastructure that ensures the organization of self-sufficient regional or national IoT networks around the world to provide seamless IoT services. Local national operators of terrestrial networks (cellular or LPWAN) are assumed to act as operators of these IoT networks, while Reshetnev's technical solutions, on the contrary, are focused on strict centralization of the IoT network. As a result, the composition of regional interface stations (RIS) in relation to the PNST has been changed: "Reshetnev" proposes to exclude network servers from each RIS and manage all IoT subscriber devices and all RIS around the world using a single network server in Krasnoyarsk. This will make it impossible for national (including Russian) operators to work in the "IoT Marathon" network.
Nominally, there is another satellite IoT network project in Russia (based on nanosatellites) - Telum LEO, initiated by Zond-Holding. However, Telum LEO is not included in Sfera and, according to ComNews, is still far from technical development. Roscosmos verbally supported the Telum LEO project, but - according to ComNews - did so largely to deprive Reshetnev JSC of the feeling of a monopoly in this area.
The preliminary national standard (PNST) for the satellite
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