Ananda Chakrabarty, who developed a genetically

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III. Controversies and Debates 1. High-Profile Legal Cases Detailed Analysis of Key Court Rulings Diamond v. Chakrabarty (1980) Case Summary: The US Supreme Court ruled in favor ofmodified bacterium capable of breaking down crude oil. The decision marked the first time a living organism was considered patentable, based on the premise that the bacterium was a product of human ingenuity and research. Implications: This landmark ruling set a precedent for the patentability of genetically engineered organisms , opening the floodgates for biotechnology patents. He emphasized the notion that man-made innovations, even if biological, could be protected under patent law.


Society of Molecular Pathology v. Myriad Genetics wallis and futuna business email list ( 2013) Case Summary: The Supreme Court ruled that naturally occurring DNA sequences cannot be patented, although synthetic cDNAs can be. Myriad Genetics patented the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes, which are linked to an increased risk of breast and ovarian cancer, as well as the diagnostic tests for these genes. Implications: This decision had a profound impact on the biotechnology industry, invalidating patents on naturally occurring genetic sequences and thereby promoting wider access to genetic testing. He also emphasized the distinction between naturally occurring substances and man-made inventions in patent law.